Amakuru y'uwukoresha Babeli
rn-0 Uwu mukoresha ntagira ubumenyi mu Kirundi (canke agitegera bigoranye).
de-N Dieser Benutzer spricht Deutsch als Muttersprache.
ksh-N För heh dä Metmaacher es_en ripoahresche Schprohch de Motterschprohch.
la-2 Hic usor lingua Latina mediae difficultatis conferre potest.
en-3 This user has advanced knowledge of English.
ru-1 Этот участник владеет русским языком на начальном уровне.
nds-1 Disse Bruker versteiht en beten wat vun Plattdüütsch.
nds-NL-1 Disse gebruker hevt up basisnivo kennis van et neadersassisk.
nl-1 Deze gebruiker heeft elementaire kennis van het Nederlands.
vls-1 Deze gebruker kan e hêel klêen bitje e koutnansje voern in 't West-Vlams.
li-1 Deze gebroeker haet 'n elementair kènnis van 't Limburgs.
lb-1 Dëse Benotzer huet Grondkenntnesser vun der Lëtzebuergescher Sprooch.
gsw-1 Dää Benutzer cha e bitzeli Alemannisch.
af-1 Hierdie gebruiker het basiese kennis van Afrikaans.
pdc-1 Daer Yuuser do schwetzt en wennich Pennsilfaanisch Deitsch.
pfl-1 De Bnudza babbld e bissl Pälzisch.
sxu-1 This user has basic knowledge of Upper Saxon.
bar-1 Der Benutzer kå a bisserl Boarisch.
gsw-1 Dää Benutzer cha e bitzeli Alemannisch.
wep-1 This user has basic knowledge of Westphalien.
swg-1 This user has basic knowledge of Swabian.
sli-1 Dieser Benutzer koann a wing Schläsch.
vmf-1 Dr bearbajdâr ghôô Fränggisch iwârhaabds ärschd âmôôl aweng.
pdt-1 Dis Benutza redt en bet Plautdietsch.
stq-1 Dissen Benutser behärsket Seeltersk ap gruundlääsende Ieuwene.
eur-1Dieser user peut contributer at una gebasic niveau del Europanto.
lfn-1 Esta usor es poca capas de Lingua Franca Nova.
sco-1 This uiser can contreebute wi ae laich level o Scots.
gmh-1 This user has basic knowledge of Middle High German.
frr-1 Didiar brüker hää en betj weden faan Nordfriisk.
bzc-1 This user has basic knowledge of Southern Betsimisaraka Malagasy.
geh-1 This user has basic knowledge of Hutterite German.
uln-1 This user has basic knowledge of Unserdeutsch.
gos-1 This user has basic knowledge of Gronings.
Abakoresha hakurikijwe ururimi
This user is a member of the
Small Wiki Monitoring Team.
This user operates the bot: Purbo T.

 

Purodha Blissenbach hinyanyura inyandiko

Suggestions hinyanyura inyandiko

Kölsche Wikipedia hinyanyura inyandiko

I proposed a Wikipedia in Kölsch language in 2005. Read details in German and Kölsch. Once there, I promised to participate in writing. Next, there was a constantly growing Test Wiki at WiKoelsch for all the Ripuarian languages, including Kölsch. Thank You for your ongoing support! We have made it to the Ripuarian Wikipedia meanwhile.


Natural Languages hinyanyura inyandiko

Grown up with hinyanyura inyandiko

German, Kölsch, Gleueler Platt

School hinyanyura inyandiko

Latin, English (major), Russian (minor), Italian, French (one year subminor each)

Current hinyanyura inyandiko

German, English, Kölsch (fluent in speech, reading, writing) — Latin (mainly reading slowly) — Russian, Italian, Dutch, German dialects (slow reading, poor writing, and broken speech) — French (able to read, but not to understand, or speak)


Links hinyanyura inyandiko

More Wikipedias, where I can be found hinyanyura inyandiko

German, Ripuarian/Kölsch, Latin, Plattdüütsch, Рукссий, simple English Meta, Commons

Only facilitating inter-language linking, and similar, in all Wikipedias, follow the language links, or see In Other Wikies, below.

Current and Recent Recommendations hinyanyura inyandiko

Hitforum, Hostsharing, Zegg

Current and Recent Affiliations hinyanyura inyandiko

Allgemeiner deutscher Fahrradclub (ADFC), Computer Artists Cologne (CAC), Chaos Computer Club (ccc), deutsche Interessengemeinschaft Internet (digi), Internet Society, German Chapter (ISOC.de), Internet Society (ISOC), German Unix Users Group (GUUG), Pünten-Verein, SourceForge


Weblinks hinyanyura inyandiko

Current and Recent Corroboration hinyanyura inyandiko

AdOptimize, Blissenbach Name-Info, Computer Kontor, IRIHS, Holis, Hostsharing, IDEA-Visions, Kunstmarkt (Portal), NetWerker, Sourceforge, StudioASL, SveVilla

Other Projects hinyanyura inyandiko

A Bon Port, A.B.Musikhandel, Baix Ebre, Hommingberger Gepardenforelle, the .int zone, Purodha, OSU, Seidl-Piano, Unwahre Geschichten, Dịch vụ thành lập doanh nghiệp

Current and Recent Recommentations hinyanyura inyandiko

Hitforum, Zegg

Current and Recent Affiliationen hinyanyura inyandiko

Allgemeiner deutscher Fahrradclub (ADFC), Computer Artists Cologne (CAC), Chaos Computer Club (ccc), deutsche Interessengemeinschaft Internet (digi), Internet Society, German Chapter (ISOC.de), Internet Society (ISOC), German Unix Users Group (GUUG), New Media Angels (mna), Pünten-Verein, SourceForge


In Other Wikies hinyanyura inyandiko

• en:User:Purodha   • ksh:Medmaacher:Purodha   • de:Benutzer:Purodha   • nds:Bruker:Purodha   • simple:User:Purodha  

• meta:User:Purodha   • commons:User:Purodha   • incubator:User:Purodha   • quality:User:Purodha   • testwiki:User:Purodha   • mediawiki:User:Purodha   • wikimania2006:User:Purodha   • wikimania2008:User:Purodha  
• toolserver user purodha   • betawiki:User:Purodha   • OmegaWiki User:Purodha   • Literate Programs User:Purodha  

Wikipediæ:
• w:aa:User:Purodha   • w:ab:Участник:Purodha   • w:af:Gebruiker:Purodha   • w:ak:User:Purodha   • w:als:Benutzer:Purodha   • w:am:ማዘጋጀት:Purodha   • w:an:Usuario:Purodha   • w:ang:User:Purodha   • w:ar:مستخدم:Purodha   • w:arc:User:Purodha   • w:as:User:Purodha   • w:ast:Usuariu:Purodha   • w:av:Участник:Purodha   • w:ay:Usuario:Purodha   • w:az:İstifadəçi:Purodha   • w:ba:Ҡатнашыусы:Purodha   • w:bar:Benutzer:Purodha   • w:bat-smg:Naudotojas:Purodha   • w:bcl:Paragamit:Purodha   • w:be:Удзельнік:Purodha   • w:be-x-old:Удзельнік:Purodha   • w:bg:Потребител:Purodha   • w:bh:User:Purodha   • w:bi:User:Purodha   • w:bm:Utilisateur:Purodha   • w:bn:ব্যবহারকারী:Purodha   • w:bo:User:Purodha   • w:bpy:আতাকুরা:Purodha   • w:br:Implijer:Purodha   • w:bs:Korisnik:Purodha   • w:bug:User:Purodha   • w:bxr:User:Purodha   • w:ca:Usuari:Purodha   • w:cbk-zam:User:Purodha   • w:cdo:User:Purodha   • w:ce:Участник:Purodha   • w:ceb:User:Purodha   • w:ch:User:Purodha   • w:cho:User:Purodha   • w:chr:User:Purodha   • w:chy:User:Purodha   • w:co:User:Purodha   • w:cr:User:Purodha   • w:crh:Qullanıcı:Purodha   • w:cs:Wikipedista:Purodha   • w:csb:Brëkòwnik:Purodha   • w:cu:User:Purodha   • w:cv:Хутшăнакан:Purodha   • w:cy:Defnyddiwr:Purodha   • w:da:Bruger:Purodha   • w:de:Benutzer:Purodha   • w:diq:User:Purodha   • w:dsb:Wužywaŕ:Purodha   • w:dv:User:Purodha   • w:dz:User:Purodha   • w:ee:User:Purodha   • w:el:Χρήστης:Purodha   • w:eml:User:Purodha   • w:en:User:Purodha   • w:eo:Vikipediisto:Purodha   • w:es:Usuario:Purodha   • w:et:Kasutaja:Purodha   • w:eu:Lankide:Purodha   • w:fa:کاربر:Purodha   • w:ff:User:Purodha   • w:fi:Käyttäjä:Purodha   • w:fiu-vro:Pruukja:Purodha   • w:fj:User:Purodha   • w:fo:Brúkari:Purodha   • w:fr:Utilisateur:Purodha   • w:frp:User:Purodha   • w:fur:Utent:Purodha   • w:fy:Meidogger:Purodha   • w:ga:Úsáideoir:Purodha   • w:gd:User:Purodha   • w:gl:User:Purodha   • w:glk:User:Purodha   • w:gn:Usuario:Purodha   • w:got:User:Purodha   • w:gu:User:Purodha   • w:gv:User:Purodha   • w:ha:User:Purodha   • w:hak:User:Purodha   • w:haw:User:Purodha   • w:he:משתמש:Purodha   • w:hi:सदस्य:Purodha   • w:ho:User:Purodha   • w:hr:Suradnik:Purodha   • w:hsb:User:Purodha   • w:ht:User:Purodha   • w:hu:User:Purodha   • w:hy:Մասնակից:Purodha   • w:hz:User:Purodha   • w:ia:Usator:Purodha   • w:id:Pengguna:Purodha   • w:ie:User:Purodha   • w:ig:User:Purodha   • w:ii:User:Purodha   • w:ik:User:Purodha   • w:ilo:User:Purodha   • w:io:User:Purodha   • w:is:Notandi:Purodha   • w:it:Utente:Purodha   • w:iu:User:Purodha   • w:ja:利用者:Purodha   • w:jbo:User:Purodha   • w:jv:Panganggo:Purodha   • w:ka:მომხმარებელი:Purodha   • w:kab:Amseqdac:Purodha   • w:kg:User:Purodha   • w:ki:User:Purodha   • w:kj:User:Purodha   • w:kk:Қатысушы:Purodha   • w:kl:User:Purodha   • w:km:User:Purodha   • w:kn:ಸದಸ್ಯ:Purodha   • w:ko:사용자:Purodha   • w:kr:User:Purodha   • w:ks:User:Purodha   • w:ksh:Medmaacher:Purodha   • w:ku:Bikarhêner:Purodha   • w:kv:Участник:Purodha   • w:kw:User:Purodha   • w:ky:User:Purodha   • w:la:Usor:Purodha   • w:lad:User:Purodha   • w:lb:User:Purodha   • w:lbe:User:Purodha   • w:lg:Gebroeker:Purodha   • w:li:User:Purodha   • w:lij:User:Purodha   • w:lmo:User:Purodha   • w:ln:User:Purodha   • w:lo:User:Purodha   • w:lt:Naudotojas:Purodha   • w:lv:Lietotājs:Purodha   • w:map-bms:User:Purodha   • w:mg:User:Purodha   • w:mh:User:Purodha   • w:mi:User:Purodha   • w:mk:Корисник:Purodha   • w:ml:ഉപയോക്താവ്:Purodha   • w:mn:User:Purodha   • w:mo:User:Purodha   • w:mr:सदस्य:Purodha   • w:ms:Pengguna:Purodha   • w:mt:User:Purodha   • w:mus:User:Purodha   • w:my:User:Purodha   • w:mzn:کاربر:Purodha   • w:na:User:Purodha   • w:nah:Usuario:Purodha   • w:nan:User:Purodha   • w:nap:Utente:Purodha   • w:nds:Bruker:Purodha   • w:nds-nl:Gebruker:Purodha   • w:ne:User:Purodha   • w:new:User:Purodha   • w:ng:User:Purodha   • w:nl:Gebruiker:Purodha   • w:nn:Brukar:Purodha   • w:no:User:Purodha   • w:nov:User:Purodha   • w:nrm:User:Purodha   • w:nv:Choinish'įįhí:Purodha   • w:ny:User:Purodha   • w:oc:Utilizaire:Purodha   • w:om:User:Purodha   • w:or:User:Purodha   • w:os:Архайæг:Purodha   • w:pa:ਮੈਂਬਰ:Purodha   • w:pag:User:Purodha   • w:pam:User:Purodha   • w:pap:User:Purodha   • w:pdc:User:Purodha   • w:pi:User:Purodha   • w:pih:User:Purodha   • w:pl:Wikipedysta:Purodha   • w:pms:Utent:Purodha   • w:ps:User:Purodha   • w:pt:Usuário:Purodha   • w:qu:Usuario:Purodha   • w:rm:User:Purodha   • w:rmy:Jeno:Purodha   • w:rn:User:Purodha;   • w:ro:Utilizator:Purodha   • w:roa-rup:User:Purodha   • w:roa-tara:User:Purodha   • w:ru:Участник:Purodha   • w:ru-sib:User:Purodha   • w:rw:User:Purodha   • w:sa:योजकः:Purodha   • w:sc:Utente:Purodha   • w:scn:User:Purodha   • w:sco:User:Purodha   • w:sd:User:Purodha   • w:se:User:Purodha   • w:sg:User:Purodha   • w:sh:User:Purodha   • w:si:User:Purodha   • w:simple:User:Purodha   • w:sk:Redaktor:Purodha   • w:sl:Uporabnik:Purodha   • w:sm:User:Purodha   • w:sn:User:Purodha   • w:so:User:Purodha   • w:sq:Përdoruesi:Purodha   • w:sr:Корисник:Purodha   • w:ss:User:Purodha   • w:st:User:Purodha   • w:stq:Benutser:Purodha   • w:su:Pamaké:Purodha   • w:sv:Användare:Purodha   • w:sw:User:Purodha   • w:ta:பயனர்:Purodha   • w:te:సభ్యుడు:Purodha   • w:tet:User:Purodha   • w:tg:Корбар:Purodha   • w:th:ผู้ใช้:Purodha   • w:ti:User:Purodha   • w:tk:User:Purodha   • w:tl:User:Purodha   • w:tlh:User:Purodha   • w:tn:User:Purodha   • w:to:User:Purodha   • w:tokipona:User:Purodha   • w:tpi:User:Purodha   • w:tr:Kullanıcı:Purodha   • w:ts:User:Purodha   • w:tt:Äğzä:Purodha   • w:tum:User:Purodha   • w:tw:User:Purodha   • w:ty:Utilisateur:Purodha   • w:udm:Викиавтор:Purodha   • w:ug:User:Purodha   • w:uk:Користувач:Purodha   • w:ur:صارف:Purodha   • w:uz:Foydalanuvchi:Purodha   • w:ve:User:Purodha   • w:vec:Utente:Purodha   • w:vi:Thành viên:Purodha   • w:vls:User:Purodha   • w:vo:Geban:Purodha   • w:wa:Uzeu:Purodha   • w:war:User:Purodha   • w:wo:User:Purodha   • w:wuu:User:Purodha   • w:xal:Орлцач:Purodha   • w:xh:User:Purodha   • w:yi:באַניצער:Purodha   • w:yo:User:Purodha   • w:za:User:Purodha   • w:zea:User:Purodha   • w:zh:User:Purodha   • w:zh-classical:User:Purodha   • w:zh-min-nan:User:Purodha   • w:zh-tw:User:Purodha   • w:zh-yue:User:Purodha   • w:zu:User:Purodha  

Wikispecies:
• wikispecies:User:Purodha  

Wiktionaries:
• wiktionary:bs:Korisnik:Purodha   • wiktionary:de:Benutzer:Purodha   • wiktionary:en:User:Purodha   • wiktionary:la:Usor:Purodha   • wiktionary:yi:באַניצער:Purodha  

Wikiquotes:
• wikiquote:de:Benutzer:Purodha  

Wikisource:
• oldwikisource:User:Purodha   • wikisource:de:User:Purodha  

Wikibooks:
• wikibooks:en:User:Purodha  

Wikiversities:
• betawikiversity:User:Purodha   • wikiversity:de:User:Purodha   • wikiversity:en:User:Purodha  


-- Purodha Blissenbach (talk) 23:00, 12 March 2008 (UTC)


Ingero:Userpage (rounded)

saved page hinyanyura inyandiko

Hello, I wanted to save your work on [1] to a subpage of yours before it is deleted but were not permitted to create one. --46.114.183.132 (talk) 10:41, 30 December 2014 (UTC)

Ingero:Inline audio The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Colognian language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.

See Colognian phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Colognian.

Consonants
IPA Colognian examples English approximation
b Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
d Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
f Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
ɡ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
h Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
ɧ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
j[1]
ʝ[2]
Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
ʒ[1] Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
k Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
l Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
m Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
n Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
ŋ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
p Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
ʁ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp guttural r
s Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
ʃ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
t Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
ts Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
v Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
w Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
x Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Scottish Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
z Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
ʔ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp the "catch" in Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
Stress
IPA Colognian examples English approximation Explanation
ˈ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp primary stress
ˌ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp secondary stress
Vowels
IPA Colognian examples English approximation
Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
a Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp somewhat like Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
e Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
ɛː Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp like Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, but long
ɛ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
Ieß, Pief, di Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
i Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
ɪ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
ɔː Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
ɔ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
œː Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp somewhat like Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
œ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
øː Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
ø Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
o Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
ʊː Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
ʊ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
u Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp somewhat like Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
y Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
ʏ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
aʊː Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
iɐ̯ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp similar to Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp similar to Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
ɔʏ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp similar to Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
øʏ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
Vowels with Schleifton[3]
aˑ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
eˑ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp somewhat like Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
ɛˑ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
iˑ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
ɔˑ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
œˑ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp somewhat like Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
øˑ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
oˑ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
ʊˑ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
uˑ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
yˑ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp somewhat like Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
aɪˑ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
aʊˑ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
eɪˑ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
ɪˑɐ̯ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp similar to Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
oʊˑ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp similar to Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
ɔʏˑ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp similar to Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
øʏˑ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
Reduced vowels
ɐ Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp
ə Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp, Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp


Notes hinyanyura inyandiko

  1. 1.0 1.1 The phone Ingero:IPAblink occurs also often as a positional allophone of Ingero:IPAblink or Ingero:IPAblink when a final Ingero:IPAblink or Ingero:IPAblink of a word stem is either followed by a vowel of a grammatical suffix or becomes voiced under the influence of a liaison or due to coarticulation. Under normal circumstances, the IPA symbols Ingero:IPAblink or Ingero:IPAblink are used to transcribe these.
  2. The phones Ingero:IPAblink and Ingero:IPAblink are not distinguished in today's Colognian, but have different etymological roots.
  3. The symbol "ˑ" marks the segment preceding it, beginning with the last preceding vowel, as bearing Schleifton. Schleifton is a tonal accent, unknown to English, having various properties:
    • Stress. Unless its syllable has a primary or secondary stress mark, Schleifton always carries a 3rd level stress.
    • Length. Usually, the length of a single vowel with Schleifton is between 'long' and 'short'. An English example would be between "Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp" and "Uwukoresha:Purodha/smp" in length.
    • Suprasegmentality. Although basically put on vowels and diphthongs, Schleifton may extend into, or occasionally move onto sonorants following them.
    • Tonal shape or contour. There are broad variations, following a somewhat complicated scheme of positional, segmental, suprasegmental, stress, and syntactic dependencies. As a rule of thumb the contour always ends at a different pitch than it begins with, it always has at least a rise+fall or fall+rise pattern, sometimes both, and it always incorporates changes of volume with a quick attack at the beginning, followed by a release which may result in a brief phase of silence, and a return to normal volume at the end.
    There are three circumstances in which Schleifton accents occur:
    1. Syntax. In rare occasions, a Schleifton may appear in a sentence or phrase as a result of the rules governing stress patterns or melodies of speech.
    2. Grammar. Some Schleiftons are grammatical. Their presence or absence within some words distinguishes Plurals from Singulars, or comparisons in the same way, Umlauts or endings may do with other words.
    3. Lexeme. Other Schleifton occurrences distinguish otherwise unrelated words from each other.

Bibliography hinyanyura inyandiko

  • Fritz Hoenig: Wörterbuch der Kölner Mundart. 2ndedition, 1905. Köln.
  • Georg Heike: Zur Phonologie der Stadtkölner Mundart. Eine experimentelle Untersuchung der akustischen Unterscheidungsmerkmale. In:Deutsche Dialektgeographie, volume57, Elwert-Verlag, Marburg 1964
  • Claudia Froitzheim: Artikulationsnormen der Umgangssprache in Köln. In:Continuum, Schriftenreihe zur Linguistik, volume2. Narr, Tübingen, 1984, ISBN 3-87808-332-7 (Also Dissertation at the University of Cologne, 1983).
  • Adam Wrede: Neuer Kölnischer Sprachschatz. 12thedition, 1999. 3volumes, 1168pages. Greven Verlag, Köln. ISBN 3-7743-0243-X
  • Christa Bhatt, Alice Herrwegen: Das Kölsche Wörterbuch. 2ndedition, 2005. J. P. Bachem-Verlag, Köln. ISBN 3-7616-1942-1

For another simpler phonemic writing system of West Middle German and Meuse-Rhenish including Colognian, see:

one more saved page from [Help:IPA for Colognian/smp] hinyanyura inyandiko

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Parameters:  
                 
1, lang=
language code, e.g. ksh
2, ipa=
IPA transcription of {{{2|{{{text}}}}}}, e.g. tʃøˑ
3, text=
text sample, e.g. Tschö
4, audio=
audio file name, e.g. Tschö.ogg